1. Read the
Introduction. What "dominant paradigm" is showing signs of wear? The
instructional model of the teacher and the textbook as the primary sources of
knowledge is the “dominant paradigm” that is showing wear.
2. According
to the research, how does Project-Based
Learning support student learning better than traditional approaches? Describe
three benefits and cite the studies. Project-Based Learning enables
students to transfer their learning to new kinds of situations and problems and
to use knowledge more proficiently in performance situations.
·
The
students engaged in project-based learning demonstrated a significant increase in
scores on a critical-thinking test, as well as increased confidence in their
learning. Shepherd (1998)
·
Those
who had participated in the project-based curriculum did better on conceptual
problems presented in the National Exam. Boaler (1997, 1998)
·
The
students in the multimedia program earned higher scores than the comparison
group on content mastery, sensitivity to audience, and coherent design. They
performed equally well on standardized test scores of basic skills. (Penuel,
Means, & Simkins, 2000).
3. According
to the research, how does Problem-Based
Learning support student learning better than traditional approaches?
Describe three benefits and cite the studies.
·
Meta-analyses
of studies have found that medical students who are enrolled in problem-based
curricula score higher on clinical problem-solving measures and on actual
ratings of clinical performance (Vernon & Blake, 1993; Albanese &
Mitchell, 1993
·
Additional
studies have demonstrated that students who participated in problem-based
experiences are better able to generate accurate hypotheses and coherent
explanations (Hmelo, 1998b; Schmidt et al., 1996)
·
They
also experience larger gains in conceptual understanding in science (Williams,
Hemstreet, Liu, & Smith, 1998).
4. According
to the research, how does Learning by
Design support student learning better than traditional approaches?
Describe three benefits and cite the studies.
·
Design
activities are better for developing technical and subject matter knowledge
(Newstetter, 2000)
·
Design
activities are better for helping students develop understanding of complex
systems (Perkins, 1986).
·
Design
projects require students to set constraints, generate ideas, create
prototypes, and develop plans through storyboarding or other representational
practices. These are all critical twenty-first century skills. (Newstetter,
2000).
5. What are the differences between the three approaches?
Project-based learning
explores real-world problems and situations. Problem-based learning students learn
through the process of problem solving. Designed-based approach students create, assess, and redesign products through stages of
revisions.
6. In your opinion, what is the most important benefit to learning that is
common across the three types of inquiry-based learning approaches?
“Students engaged in inquiry-based learning
develop content knowledge and learn increasingly important twenty-first century
skills, such as the ability to work in teams, solve complex problems, and to
apply knowledge gained through one lesson or task to other circumstances.” I
feel it is important for the students to be able to apply what they are
learning in school to real life situations.
References:
Baron, , B.,
& Darling-Hammond, L. (1991). Teaching for meaningful learners. Retrieved
from http://www.edutopia.org/pdfs/edutopia-teaching-for-meaningful-learning.pdf
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